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TK10651
LOW VOLTAGE COMPANDOR FEATURES
s s s s s s s s Data and Voice Inputs Data and Voice Outputs Low Supply Current Regulated Output Wide Operating Voltage Range Low Standby Current Microphone Amplifier IDC Circuit (Instantaneous Deviation Control)
APPLICATIONS
s s s s s Portable Instrumentation Cordless Telephones Handy Talkies Interphones Amateur Radio Transceivers
TK10651
FILTER OUT 1 20 VCC
DESCRIPTION
TK10651 is a noise reduction IC developed mainly for cordless phones. It is also used for voice and data communications. It has a built-in compressor circuit to increase the average modulation level and an expander circuit to reduce the noise level. The expander restores the original dynamics of the input signal. The result is a high quality signal transmission with low noise. Among the many functions included, analog switching of the input and output signal is particularly useful in cordless telephones. Separate data input and output are provided. The audio signal path can be muted during data transmission. The signal path used for data transmission bypasses the compressor and expander circuits. The TK10651 is available in the SSOP-20 (MFP20) surface mount package.
FILTER IN
2
19
EXP OUT
COMP OUT
3
18
EXP RECT
DATA IN
4
17
DATA OUT
106
51M
C-DFC
5
16
EXP NF
COMP RECT
6
15
EXP IN
COMP NF
7
14
EXP REF
COMP IN
8
13
EXP MUTE
COMP REF
9
12
THROUGH
GND 10
11
COMP MUTE
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DATA OUT EXP OUT EXP REF VCC
EXP NF
INPUT AMP
EXPANDER 30 k GND
ORDERING INFORMATION
+
TK10651
Tape/Reel Code
TO Vref EXP RECT TO Vref 100 k COMP IN + MIC AMP THROUGH SW + SUM AMP TO Vref + 100 k COMP MUTE 100 k 100 k 30 k 30 k
+
Package Code
COMP NF 3.3 k 51 k
PACKAGE CODE
M: Surface Mount
TAPE/REEL CODE
TL: Tape Left
TO Vref
EXP MUTE
THROUGH
COMP RECT
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
DATA IN
C-DCFB
+
EXP IN
THROUGH SW
COMP REF SUM AMP FILTER OUT
BUF AMP
FILTER IN
COMP OUT
Page 1
TK10651
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage ......................................................... 10 V Power Dissipation (Note 1) ................................ 410 mW Junction Temperature .......................................... 150 C Operating Voltage Range .............................. 2.4 to 7.0 V Input Frequency ................................................. 100 kHz Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 C Operating Temperature Range .................. -20 to +70 C Lead Soldering Temp. (10 sec.) .......................... 235 C
TK10651 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test conditions: VCC = 3.0 V, f = 1.0 kHz, RL = 10 k, TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL ICC VTH Compressor ZINC VINC GC GTC THDC VNOC ATTC VLIMC GVD VOUT(MAX)D CTC
Note 1: Note 2:
PARAMETER Supply Current Threshold Voltage
TEST CONDITIONS No signal Pins 11,12,13
MIN
TYP 4.00
MAX 6.50 1.45
UNITS mA V
1.15
1.30
Input Impedance Standard Input Voltage VOC = 300 mVrms VIN = 0 dB, (Note 2) VIN = -20 dB, (Note 2) VIN = -40 dB, (Note 2) Through On/Off Difference Total Harmonic Distortion Output Noise Voltage Mute Attenuation Limiting Voltage Voltage Gain for DATA Terminal Maximum Output Voltage for DATA Terminal Cross Talk Pin 4 voltage = 300 mVrms THD = 10% Point Exp VIN = 30 mVrms, Rg = 620 , (Note 2) VIN = 0 dB, Pin 12 grounded, (Note 2) VIN = 0 dB Rg = 620 , (Note 2) VIN = 0 dB, Pin 11 grounded, (Note 2)
90 8 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5
120 12.5 0 0 0 0.5 3.0 17 +0.5 +1.0 +1.5 1.0 5.5
k mVrms dB dB dB % mVrms dB 1.50 +0.5 VP-P dB mVrms -30 dB
Gain Error
60 1.15 -0.5 800
80 1.35 0 900 -35
Power dissipation is 410 mW in free air. Derate at 3.3 mW/C for operation above 25 C. Evaluated by CCITT standard P.53 noise filter.
Page 2
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
TK10651 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
Test conditions: VCC = 3.0 V, f = 1.0 kHz, RL = 10 k, TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL Buffer Amplifier GVB f THDB VOUT(MAX)B Expander VOUTE Standard Output Voltage VIN = 30 mVrms = 0 dB, (Note 2) VIN = -10 dB, (Note 2) GE Gain Error VIN = -20 dB, (Note 2) VIN = -30 dB, (Note 2) GTE THDE VNOE ATTE VOUT(MAX)E GVI VOUT(MAX)I CTE
Note 2:
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Voltage Gain Frequency Characteristics Total Harmonic Distortion Maximum Output Voltage
VIN = 300 mVrms VIN = 300 mVrms, f = 3 kHz VIN = 300 mVrms, f = 30 kHz VIN = 300 mVrms THD = 10% Point
-0.5
0 -3 -60 0.02
+0.5
dB dB dB
0.1
% mVrms
550
700
110 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.5
130 0 0 0 -1.0 0.5 10
160 +0.5 +1.0 +2.0 +0.5 1.5 30
mVrms dB dB dB dB % Vrms dB mVrms
Through On/Off Difference Total Harmonic Distortion Output Noise Voltage Attenuation Maximum Output Voltage Voltage Gain for Input Amp. Maximum Output Voltage Cross Talk
Evaluated by CCITT standard P.53 noise filter.
VIN = 0 dB, Pin 12 grounded, (Note 2) VIN = 0 dB Rg = 620 , (Note 2) VIN = 0 dB, Pin 13 grounded, (Note 2) THD = 10% Point VIN = 0 dB THD = 10% Point Comp VIN = VINC, Rg = 620 , (Note 2)
60 700 14.5 450
80 800 15.5 500 -70 -60 16.5
dB mVrms dB
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 3
TK10651
TEST CIRCUIT
1.0 F FILTER OUT 10 k 18000 pF 1.0 F FILTER IN 620 10 k 10 k 10 k + EXPAND OUT 100 k 6800 pF 1000 pF 1.0 F 10 k VCC 10 F VCC
COMPRESS OUT 10 k 1.0 F 100 k 0.1 F DATA IN 620 100 k 100 k 51 k + 22 F COMP 0.047 F EXPAND IN 2.2 F 51 k 9.1 k 0.47 F 0.047 F COMPRESS IN 620 100 k MUTE EXPAND 3.3 k + REG 4.7 F 100 k 620 10 k 1.0 F 50 pF + 2.2 F DATA OUT 10 k EXP 2.2 F
REG 4.7 F THROUGH
MUTE COMPRESS
SWITCH PIN
Pin 11 Pin 12 Pin 13
HIGH (OPEN OR VCC)
Comp Mute OFF Compandor Exp Mute OFF
LOW (GND)
Comp Mute ON Through Exp Mute ON
Switch pins priority order: High > pins 11 and 13 > pin 12 > low.
Page 4
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
DC CHARACTERISTICS
REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 1.5
6
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
NO SIGNAL
1.48
5
Vref (V)
1.46 1.44 1.42
ICC (mA)
4 3 2
1.4
2
3
4
6 5 VCC (V)
7
8
2
3
4
6 5 VCC (V)
7
8
REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 1.5
VCC = 3.0 V
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 6 5
VCC = 3.0 V NO SIGNAL
1.48 1.46 1.44 1.42
2
ICC (mA)
Vref (V)
4 3
1.4 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 TA (C ) 80 100
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 TA (C ) 80 100
EXPANDER AC CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 2 1
fIN = 1.0 kHz
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 0 -10 mV(rms) -20 -30
VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz REFERENCE LEVEL
100
VOUT (dB)
2 3 4 6 VCC (V) 5 7 8
VOE (dB)
0 -1 -2
-40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10
30 mV(rms)
VIN (dB)
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 5
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
EXPANDER AC CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
OUTPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
DISTORTION vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 10
VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz
2 1
VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz
5
VOE (dB)
0 -1 -2 -40 -20 0 20 40 TA (C ) 60 80 100
THD (%)
2 1 0.5
REFERENCE LEVEL
0.2 0.1 -50 -45 -40
-35 -30 VIN (dB)
-25
-20
COMPRESSOR AC CHARACTERISTICS
INPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
300 mv(rms)-10 REFERENCE LEVEL
2 1 0 -1 -2 2 3 4 5
fIN = 1.0 kHz
VIN C (dB)
-20
VOUT (dB)
VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz
-30 -40 -50 -60 -70
6
7
8
VCC (V)
INPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
-60 -40 -120 -100 -80 VIN (dB) 10 mV(rms)
-20
DISTORTION vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 10
VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz
2 1 0 -1 -2 -40 -20 0
VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz
5
THD (%)
VIN C (dB)
2 1 .5 .2
REFERENCE LEVEL
20 40 60 TA (C )
80 100
.1 -70 -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 VIN (dB)
Page 6
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
THIRD ORDER LPF CHARACTERISTICS OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. THIRD ORDER LPF INPUT FREQUENCY 0 0 VOUT (dBV) -10 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 fIN (kHz) -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 VIN (dBV) 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE VS. THIRD ORDER LPF INPUT VOLTAGE
VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz
10
VOUT (dB)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 0.1 0.2 0.5
USING THE COMPANDOR TO IMPROVE S/N
7
MODULATION LEVEL vs. COMPRESSOR INPUT
VCC = 3.0 V fMOD = 1.0 kHz
This section provides an example of using the compandor to improve S/N in a narrow band FM communication system. In the test configuration below, the compressor modulation level was measured as a function of the input voltage to demonstrate the improvement resulting from the use of the compressor. An audio signal is connected into the compressor and the output is measured with the modulation meter connected to the external modulation input of the FM signal generator. The compressor's reference input level was set to produce 3.0 kHz frequency deviation. As shown in the graph on the right, the peak deviation remains the same when the compressor is used, but a wider input range is obtained. The built-in characteristics of the IDC circuit limit the maximum frequency deviation to 4.5 kHz. TEST CONFIGURATION
TK10651 COMP FM SG FM IF IC TK10487 TK10651 EXP V
6
m ( kHz )
5 4 3 2 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.5
THROUGH COMPRESSOR
12 5 10 20 50 100 VIN (mVrms)
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 7
TK10651
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
USING THE COMPANDOR TO IMPROVE S/N (CONT.) The improvement resulting from the expander is expressed by measuring the overall characteristics of the FM IF System (TK10487M). The signal generator was switched to internal modulation and the output is defined as 0 dB when the RF input = 80 dB. As the graph below indicates, the noise is reduced when the expander is used, and good S/N ratio is maintained even when the RF signal input is weak.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO vs. COMPANDOR RF INPUT 0 -10 -20
SIGNAL
The following graph shows the characteristics when the RF input is weak (RF IN = 30 dB). There is a great difference when the compandor is used with a weak RF input. When the through function is used (noise reduction off), the output is lost in noise as the compressor input drops below -80 dBV; but when the compandor function is used, it remains level below -100 dBV. With a weak RF input, dynamic range is extended by 30 dB.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO (FOR WEAK RF INPUT SIGNAL) vs. COMPANDOR INPUT 10
-30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -20 0 20 40 60 VIN (dBu) 80 100 NOISE
VCC = 3.0 V fOSC = 10.245 MHz DEV = 3.0 kHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz FILTER : CCITT P.53 IF IC : TK10487M NO PRE-EMPHASIS OR DE-EMPHASIS SOLID LINE: COMPRESSOR DASHED LINE: THROUGH
0 -10
VOUT (dB)
VOUT (dB)
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -110 -90 -70 -50 VIN (dBV) -30 -10
VCC = 3.0 V fOSC = 10.245 MHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz FILTER : CCITT P.53 IF IC :TK10487M NO PRE-EMPHASIS OR DE-EMPHASIS SOLID LINE: COMPRESSOR DASHED LINE: THROUGH
Finally, the overall characteristics are measured using both the compressor and the expander. The output is measured when the compressor's input is at -40 dBV and the frequency deviation is 3.0 kHz. The graph below shows the characteristics when the RF input is strong (RF IN = 80 dB). The dynamic range is increased by more than 12 dB when the compandor is used.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO (FOR STRONG RF INPUT SIGNAL) vs. COMPANDOR RF INPUT 10 0 -10
VOUT (dB)
The effects of the compandor within a narrow band FM communications system was demonstrated while a coaxial cable was used in place of transmission through free space. The signal source was an FM signal generator although there are some differences when actual transmission is through free space. However, the test configuration used in this experiment is useful in understanding the effects of the compandor.
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -120 -90 -70 -50 VIN (dBV) -30 -10
VCC = 3.0 V fOSC = 10.245 MHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz FILTER : CCITT P.53 IF IC :TK10487M NO PRE-EMPHASIS OR DE-EMPHASIS SOLID LINE: COMPRESSOR DASHED LINE: THROUGH
Page 8
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
APPLICATION INFORMATION
COMPRESSOR By placing the data input pin following the compressor circuit, a data signal can be transmitted without being compressed. Audio from the microphone can be connected directly to the IC, because it passes through the built-in microphone amplifier (the gain is adjustable). Since there is a built-in limiter to prevent overmodulation, it is not necessary to add an external Instantaneous Deviation Control (IDC) circuit; furthermore, a Low Pass Filter (LPF) up to the third order can be constructed using the buffer amplifier. When a data signal is being transmitted, the unneeded audio can be cut by engaging the mute switch. EXPANDER A wide range of applications are made possible because all of the input amplifier pins are accessible. A LPF of up to the third order can be constructed at the input, and with an external resistor, it can be used as an amplifier. If the data out pin is used for the output, a data signal can be extracted without passing through the expander. During data transmission, the audio signal system can be inhibited by using the mute switch. COMPRESSOR MICROPHONE AMPLIFIER The input pin connects to the reference voltage through a 100 k bias resistor, therefore external bias is not necessary. The microphone amplifier gain can be adjusted by connecting an external resistor to NF pin 7. The gain is highest when no resistor is added, and the standard input level is 3 mV. When an external resistor of 9.1 k is added, the standard input level is about a 10 mV; when the external resistor value is 68 k, the standard input level is 30 mV. The input can accommodate a variety of microphones by adjusting the gain to match the microphone's output voltage. The user should set the gain and input level so that the output level at pin 3 is normally 300 mV (standard level).
100 k VREF COMP IN ~10 mV
8
+ 51 k
COMP NF 9.1 k
7 7
3.3 k
100 k VREF COMP IN ~3 mV
8
+ 51 k
COMP NF
7
3.3 k
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 9
TK10651
APPLICATION INFORMATION (CONT.)
RECTIFIER The rectifier's smoothing capacitor pins (6 & 18), determine the smoothing characteristics and the time constants of the compressor and the expander. The time constant is determined by the external capacitor value and the internal 10 k resistance. COMPRESSOR DATA INPUT An inverting amplifier is used at the DATA input. The internal input resistors are 100 k, and the DC bias (VREF) is about 1.5 V. The maximum load at the output pin is 10 k.
100 k 100 k FROM COMP + 100 k 3
COMP OUT
RECTIFIER
10 k TO GAIN CELL
DATA IN
4
TO VREF
BUFFER AMPLIFIER Up to a third order LPF (for example, a splatter filter) can be constructed using this amplifier. The maximum load at the output pin is 10 k. The non-inverting input of the amplifier is not biased internally, therefore an external bias is needed (for example Pin 3 Vref) whenever this pin is not directcoupled from the compressor output pin (pin 3).
COMPRESSOR SUMMING AMPLIFIER
The compressor summing amplifier (SUM AMP) must have unity DC gain and the AC open loop gain is high. Since the feedback resistors are internal to the device, only one external capacitor is needed between pin 5 and GND. The cutoff frequency is determined by the external capacitor and the internal resistors.
1
3 kHz LPF
18000 p
C-DCFB
5
10 k 10 k 100 k TO VREF
10 k
2
+ -
30 k
30 k
6800 p
1000 p
+ -
Page 10
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK10651
APPLICATION INFORMATION (CONT.)
EXPANDER INPUT AMPLIFIER The non-inverting and inverting input pins as well as the output pins are available, and can be used as a buffer amp or filter amp. A data signal can be obtained from the output pin, without passing through the expander. The input level and amplifier gain should be set to provide 180 mV(rms) standard level at the data output pin (pin 17). The expander input amplifier is not DC biased internally, therefore a bias voltage from the expander's VREF pin (pin 14) should be used. The maximum allowable load at the output pin is 10 k.
EXP OUT 51 k
REFERENCE VOLTAGE SOURCE (PINS 9 AND 14) Pin 9 is the reference voltage pin for the compressor and pin 14 is the reference voltage pin for the expander. The reference voltages are obtained from an internal band gap reference and used as the bias source for each section. SWITCH CIRCUIT (PINS 11, 12, and 13) The compressor's and expander's mute pins and the through pin (noise reduction is off) are pulled up by internal current sources, therefore they do not need an external pull up. Concerning the switching logic, refer to the table in the Test Circuit section.
DATA OUT
17
10 k
EXP NF
16
EXP IN
15
+ -
100 k TO VREF
11,12,13
AMPLIFIER (GAIN = 6)
DATA OUT EXP NF
16 18000 p
17
EXP IN
15
+ -
10 k 10 k 100 k TO VREF
10 k
6800 p
1000 p
3 kHz LPF
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 11
TK10651
PACKAGE OUTLINE
SSOP-20 (MFP20)
0.5
Marking Information
Marking 10651
TK10651
Mark 1.2
20
11
AAAAA
4.4
e 1.0
YYY KR
Recommended Mount Pad
1 Lot No.
10 Country of Origin
0.5
10.2
0.15 0.05
0~10
e1 5.4 1.5 6.0
0.3
0.35
0.15 0.05 0.10 M
0.1 e 1.0
Dimensions are shown in millimeters Tolerance: x.x = 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified)
Toko America, Inc. Headquarters 1250 Feehanville Drive, Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864
TOKO AMERICA REGIONAL OFFICES
Midwest Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 1250 Feehanville Drive Mount Prospect, IL 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 Western Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 2480 North First Street , Suite 260 San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: (408) 432-8281 Fax: (408) 943-9790 Eastern Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 107 Mill Plain Road Danbury, CT 06811 Tel: (203) 748-6871 Fax: (203) 797-1223 Semiconductor Technical Support Toko Design Center 4755 Forge Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907 Tel: (719) 528-2200 Fax: (719) 528-2375
Visit our Internet site at http://www.tokoam.com
The information furnished by TOKO, Inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, TOKO reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc.
Page 12
(c) 1999 Toko, Inc. All Rights Reserved IC-231-TK11031 0798O0.0K
0.15
1.4
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Printed in the USA

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